Drill



APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 19, |919.

0. M. CARTER.

DRILL.

Patented Apr. 11, 1922.A

s SHEETSAHEET x.

0. M. CARTER.

DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED sEPTJg. |919.

Patented Apr.' 11, 1922.

3 SHhEIS-SHEET 2.

WIT/VESSES A TTURNEIS 0. IVI. CARTER.

DRILL.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- Patented Apr. 11, 1922.

A TTHNEYS UNITED sTATes OSCAR MARTIN CARTER, OF HOUSTON, TEXAS.

DRILL.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 1.1, 1922.

Application iled September 19, 1919. Serial No. 324,810.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known. that l, Oscar: M. Can'rnn, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Houston, in the county of Harris and tritate of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drills, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is an improvement in drills, and has for its object to provide improvements in drills of the expanding bit type, wherein the bits are so mounted that they may be expanded beyond the peripheral surface of the support or contracted within the limits of the same to permit their easy insertion and withdrawal into and out of the drill stem, and wherein means is provided for looking the bits in expanded position, and mechanism for engaging the bit support to lower it into the well which is released by the expansion of the bits and which cannot be released until the bits are fully expanded.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a front view of the improved drill with the support thereof in section;

Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 are sections on the lines 2 2, 3--3, %4 and 5-5 respectively, of Figure 1;

Figure 6 is a partial side view looking at the opposite side from Figure 1;

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 6, showing the parts in another position;

y Figure 8 is a diagrammatic view, showing the action of the drill;

l Figure 9 is a front view of the drill removed, and with parts broken away, showing the bits fully expanded and locked;

Figure .-10 is a perspective View of the lower end-of the drill with the bits contracted; Y

Figure 11 is a perspective view of the lower end of the bit support;

Figure 12 is a similar view of the bit;

Figure 13 is a perspective view of the bit support;

Figure 111 is a vertical section through the lower end of the bit support at right angles to the bits; and

Figure 15 is a perspective view with parts broken away, showing the lowering mechanism for the drill; and

Figure 16 is a sectional view, showing the lifting tongs. l

In the present embodiment kof the invention a casing 1 is provided, the said casing forming thc stem of the drill, and the lower end of the casing is annularly enlarged, as indicated at 2, the said lower end being open as shown. i

The bit supportI 3 is in the nature of a cylindrical casing having its opposite sides formed with openings terminating adjacent the ends of the casing. A pair of bits 11 are pivoted within the lower end of the casing. Each of these bits, as shown more particularly in Figure 13, is a plate of metal suitably tempered and suitably ground to form cutting edges and on its upper edge each bit has a pair of upstanding pins 5. These pins are adapted to pass through the adjacent bit support 6, each of the said supports being a bar of suitable metal, and each of the pins is engaged by a cotter pin in the present instance above the bar. It vwill be noticed by referring to Figure 13 that one of the pins 5 is of less length than the other, and the bar 6 is out away at l its upper face at the opening of said pin to permit the insertion of the Cotter pin below the level of the bar. p

Each of the bars G has a pair of eyes 7 and 8, and the eye 7 of each bit is pivoted on a pin 9. These pins 9 are supported by upstanding flanges 1() on filler blocks 11 whose outer faces are shaped to fit in the lower end of the support 3. Thus the bit-s are pivoted to swing into or out of operative position, the flat faces of the filler blocks, that is the faces having the flanges 10, being spaced apart to receivel the bits therebetween, as shown in Figure 14. The filler blocks 11 are held in place in the lower end of the support, by means of screws 12.

Each of the eyes 8 is engaged by a hook on the lower end of a link 13 and the upper end of each link has a hook which engages upon that pin 9 to which it is not pivoted. The plates 15- are longitudinally slotted attheir lower ends, as indicated at 16, and these slots are engaged by stop pins 17 on the cross bars 18 which are Yarranged transversely of the plates near their lower ends, it being understood that the plates 15 are arranged in a plane diametric lto the sup.

port- A controlling bar 19 is arranged between theplates 15, and thesaid bar is longitudinally slotted at its lower lend, as shown at 20', tol engage a stop bolt 21, which connects the cross bars 18. The cross bars 18 are rigid inthe support 3, and it will be evident that either plate 15 or the controlling bar 19 maymove longitudinally with respect to the bit support 3 within limits prescribed by the slots 16 and 20.

The plates 15 are connected near their upper end by other cross bars 22, which are rigidly connected with the plates, and the said plates are locked from longitudinal movement with respect to the bit support by means of a locking bolt 23. The said bolt is mounted to nieve in eyes 24 on the plates and it is adapted toengager an opening 25 inthe wall of the support 3 when the bolt isin registerwith the said opening. The bolt is moved diametrically of the support 3, by means of a cam lever 26 which is pivoted on one of the plates 15 and which has a nose, as shown, for engaging within an opening in an enlargement 27 at the center of the bolt. The cam lever 26 is controlled by a pin` 28 on the controlling bar 19. WVhen ythe barj19 is moved downwardly beyond a certain point, the pin will swing Vthe cam lever 26 to the right of Figure 9,

and will causethe lever to move the bolt 23 -to'the right of YFigure 9 to engage the opening 25 andto lock the plates 15. rigidly ,against moving longitudinally of the bit support 3. l The opening 25 is so arranged that the lates 15 will be locked when the bits arev fully expanded and the bolt thus locks the bits in full expanded position.

,'The controlling bar 19 is provided at its upper vend with a head 29 held upon the bar by a nut-30 and this head is adapted to be engagedcby either lowering tongs vor withdrawing tongs.` The lowering tongs consist merelyoi? members pivotally connected, and arranged to normally open at their engaging ends. ln practice, these tongs are formed by two angular members which are arranged-alongside each other and pivotally connected at their angular connection.

The improved lowering` tongs shown in Figure 16 are composed ofmembers 65 pivotally connected with each other and to a supportingsleeve 66.v Y The lower ends of the .members are .formed into gripping jaws .67, whichk are vadapted to engage the head 29. l/Vhen the gripping jaws 67 are engaged with the head 29, and the elements 36 are engaged with the gripping jaws, the gripping jaws are firmly locked to the drill. When the elements 36 are released from the gripping jaws 67 and the said jaws are lowered "slightly the weight of the upper ends will ,cause the jaws to open. l

The withdrawing tongs are shown in Figure 15. The said tongs consistV of a pair of dogs 31, whicha'repivoted to cross bars 32 on a pin or bolt 33, which may be connected by a `iiexible member 34 to `suitable hoisting c apparatus. The lower ends of these dogs have catches 35, which are adapted to engage beneath the head, asV shown in `higure 15, and it will be noticed that the head is a hollow cone, so that the catches may engage within the same, as shown more clearly in Figure 9.

is moved outwardly. Guides 39 are secured to the controlling bar 19 near the upper ends of the levers 36 to guide the said levers in their movement toward and from the controlling bar. The lower ends of the levers 36 are beveled, as shown at 40, on the inner corners to be engaged Vby beveled pins 41 on the upper ends of the plates 15. y Before the bits are fully expanded, that is, when the controlling bar 19 is in its lowermost position as s hownin Figure 9, the beveled faces 40 of the levers 36 will engage thepins 41, and the contact between 'the pins and the beveled surface will force the lower ends of the levers outwardly, moving the-upper ends lof the levers inward and permittlng -the catches 35 tofrelease whenthe lowering mechanism is lowered still further.

Referring to Figurel, it will be noticed that theupper ends of the leversr36 are notched, as shown at 42, to engage the catches 35, and these upperends, when the upper ends of the levers are in outmost position, hold the catches firmly in engagement with the head, positively 'preventing accidental release of the catches. The dogs31 are so pivoted to the pin 33,'that the lower ends of the dogsinormally swing inwardly and it will be evidentthat when the dogs are lowered with respectto the head 29,

the catches will automatically grasp, and l engaging the oppositeedges of the yplatesy 15, to prevent relative rotation ofthe Asaid plates with respect tothe support 3 and to Vhold the bolt 23 in such positionl that it will always register with the opening 25 when brought to the level ot' the same. 1n order to lock the bits against the possibility of accidental displacement when they are fully expanded a locking lever 44 is pivotallyconnected to one of the plates 15, as indicated at 45 while the bits are contracted and before the mechanism is lowered into the drill stem, 44 is placed in the position shown in Figure 1, the top or tail beino' immediately beneath the pin 48, thus holding controlling bar 19 from descending until 44 is moved to the right by coming in contact with the cross bar 18. This lever has a pin and slot or lost motion connection 46 with the other plate, and it extends across the controlling bar 19. The lever also has a tail 47, which is adapted to be engaged by a pin 48 on the controlling bar, to lock the lever as shown in Figure 9. l/Vhen the plates 15 descend far enough to fully expand the bits and lower left hand corne-r of 44 comes in Contact with cross bar 18 and causes upper point to move to the right from under the pin 48. This movement stops descent of bars 15 and consequently holds the bits in the horizontal position they have then assumed, and also allows the controlling bar 19 to further descend and force lockinv bar 23 into slot 25 in carrier 3. It also allows the controlling bar 19 to descend until cam 51 actuated by 52 forces 49 into slot 50, when an upward movement of controlling bar 19 will litt the trame 15-15 and through the action of links 13-13 collapse the bits into the' carrier when every thing proceeds to the surface. v v

A lock is provided between one of the plates 15 and the controlling bar 19. This lock is'in the form of a latch 49, which is pivoted in a recess in one of the plates near its top and which has a nose adapted to engage within a recess or cut-away portion 50 ot the controlling bar. A cam 51 is se cured to the pivotal connection of the latch at the opposite Jface ot the plate 15 from the latch and this cam 51 is adapted to be engaged by a laterally extending beveled lug 52 on the controlling bar 19. `When the controlling bar 19 moves downward, this lug 52 engages the cam 51, and swings the latch 49 Vout of the recess or cut-away portion 50 of the controlling bar, as shown in Figure 7.

In operation, to lower the drill into the well, the ybits are contracted and 44 is placed in the position shown in Figure 1, the controlling bar 19 and the plates 15 being moved upward to practically the limit of their upward ,movement This swings the bars 6 upwardly at their inner ends and contracts the bits. The first upward movement of the controlling bar from the position in -Figure 9 releases the bolt 23. lThe upward above mentioned, and are entered into the f drill stem a lever is inserted in an opening at the end ot' the dog; or latch 49, and this lever is forced upwardly at its outer end, moving the inner end of the dog or' latch 49 downwardly and releasing the inner end oi the said dog or latch from the notchl or recess 50. rlhe latch and the cam 51 take the position shown iu Figure 6. Now the plates 15 are free to descend with 'respect to the element 19, and the bits are partly expanded so that they rub against the in side ot the drill stem. llilien the drill is lowered to the bottom ot the easing the engagement ot the notches 54 with the pins 55 checks the movement of the drill and causes the bits to iully expand through the slots 53. After this movement is completed the controlling bar 19 continues to de.- scend until the lug 52 on the controlling bar comes into contact witlr the cam 51 and forces the said cam outwardly Yfrom the position ot Figure 6 to that of Figures 7 and 8, again bringing the nose of the latch 49 into engagement with the top of the recess 50. To withdraw the bits, the controlling bar is moved upwardly. llVhen the bottom of the recess 50 engages the latch 49, the bits are caused to contract, and a continued upward movement will bring the collapsed bits to the surface. lVhen the controllingl bar is moved upwardly with the latch in engagement with the bottom of the recess 50 it is obvious that the plates 15 will be raised to collapse the bits. lVith the bits in this position further lowering movement will kmove the plates 15 and the controlling bar with respect to the support 3. The plates 15 arek lowered until the locking lever 44 takes the position oit Figure 9. Now the plates 15 are held from further downward movement by the locking levers engaging with the cross bar 18. The controlling bar 19 is, however, released and continues to move downward. The first further downward movement of the controlling bar relatively to the plates 15 causes the lugl 52 to engage the cam 51. This further movement also causes the pin 48 to lock the lever 44 and'causes the pin 28 to operate the bolt 23 to iirmly lock all the parts with the bits in expanded position. It will be understood that the first downward movement of the frame 15 with respect to the support will expand the bits,

downwardly at their inner ends and to swingr the bits out. The locking lever 44 is a lock to limit the downward movement' .of the plates 15 untilthe bits are fully ex panded and it is also a lock to limit the relative downward movement oi'' the controlling bar with respect tothe plates 15. As soon as the controlling bar 'has reached the limit of'. its downward movement, the lower ends of the tongs 40 will engage the pins il and the upper ends of the said levers will swing inwardly releasing'the catches 35.

The vdogs 3l are encircled by a casing or section of pipe 56 below their pivotal connection and at the said connection, and the said dogs are extended above the casing at their upper ends, the said upper ends being' offset outwardly, as indicated at 57. These offset ends are adapted to be engaged by 'a ring 58 detachably connected with the split cylindrical casing 59'arranged above the dogs, to compress the said upper ends, to lswing the lower ends outwardly into releaseposition, in order that'they may release the head 29; The casing 59 is split longitudinally and afbar G2 lis arranged within the split. The ring 58 is also a split ring and its lower edge is'beveled to exert a. cam action on the-upper ends of the dogs. The ring 58 has radial pins 60 which are adapted to engage bayonet slots ,A61 in the lower end of the casing 59. l/Vhen the pins are engaged'with the slots the split of the ring is in register with the split of the casing. 'A bar 62 is arranged within the registering splits, the said bar being connected tothe casing at its upper end, as indicated at163, in order that it may swing out of the splits at'its lower end., and it will be evident that when the bar? is in the registerL ing splits the ring 58-is prevented from angular movement with respect to the casing. This casing is supported by the flexible member 34 just "above the dogs 31, and in such position that when the flexible member is relaxed the ring 58 will engage the upper ends of the dogs to swing the lower ends downwardly.

vIt will sometimes happen that after the lowering dogs have been `lowered and engaged with the head 29 it is desirable to remove them without withdrawing the bits. The Vabove described mechanism permits this disengagement since it is obvious that the casing 59 may be lowered at any time to release the dogs. The sleeve 56 is supported by the pivot pin'which connects the cross bars v32 with the nin or bolt 33.

In Figure 16 there is shown the lifting tongs for removing the bits. These tongs comprise a pair of dogs 65Vwhich are pivoted to the ends of the crossbars 65a and the cross bars are pivoted to a support 66a. A sleeve 66, which may be a section of pipe, is arrangedat the `cross bars 65, the said sleeve being supported by the pivot `pin which connects the cross bars tothe support 66a.

The controlling bar 19 has laterally extending pins at its edges, which alone engage the plates l5. Preferably, the plates .l5 also have pins for engaging the inner 4ace of the support 3,:thetengag1ng pins being designed to eliminate friction. I claim: I

' l. A drill of the character specified comprising a support, bits pivoted to the support,- plates mounted to slide in the support, a connection between the lower end of each plate and the adjacent bit for swinging said bit inward when the plate is moved upward, a controlling bar mounted to slide between the plates, said plates having means for limiting their downward movement to a point where the bits are fully expanded, said limiting `means having means for engaging the controlling bar to prevent relative move,- ment of the .bar with respect to the plates unt-il the bar is released, a bolt movable vtransversely ofthe plates, the support hav-y ing an opening `for engagement by the bolt to lock the parts ,rigidlywith respect to the support with the bits fully expanded, said controlling bar .having means for operating the bolt when thebitsarefully expanded, hoisting mechanism connected with the controlling barV for Vrraising the drill out of the drill stem', and means operated by the controlling bar for preventing release of the hoisting mechanism.

2. A "drill of thecharacter specified comprising a support, bits-pivoted within, the support atV its lower end to swing toward or from each other to contact or expand, plates mounted to slide vin the support, a connection between the lower end ofeach plate and the adjacent bit for swinging said bit inward whenthe plate is moved upward.Y a rcontrollingbar mounted to slide between the plates, saidplates havingfmeans for limiting their downward movement to a point' where the bits are fully expanded, said limiting means having means kfor engaging the controlling bar toj prevent relative movement of the bar with respectlto the plates until the bar is released, a bolt movable trans- Vversely of the plates, the support having an' opening for engagement by the vbolt to lock the parts rigidly with respect to the support Y with the bits fully expanded, said controlling bar having means for operating the boltV vhen the bits are fully extended. 3. Abit of the characterspecified, comprising a support, bits pivoted within the support at its lower end to swing toward or from each other to contract within the periphery of the support or to extend beyond the Same inthe operative position, means movable 1ongitudinally of the vsupport for expanding and contracting the bits, a controlling bar for the same slidable in the support, means controlled by the relative movement of the controlling bar with respect to the bit controlling means for rigidly locking the bits and the bit controlling means to the support, means controlled by the movement ot' the bit controlling means into position to completely extend the bits i'or preventing such movement ot the controlling bar, means for locking the bit controlling bar from upward movement with respect to the bit controlling means and releasable by the downward movement of the controlling bar beyond a predetermined point.

Ll. A drill oi' the character specified. comprising al support, bits pivoted within the support at its lower end to swing toward or from each other to contract within the periphery of the support or to extend be youd the same in operative position, means movable longitudinally ot the support tor expanding and contracting` the bits, a controlling 'ar for the same slidable in the support, and transversely movable means controlled by the relative movement of the controlling bar with respect to the bit controlling means for rigidly locking the bits and the bit controlling means to the support.

5. A drill oi' the' character specified, comprising a support, bits pivoted within the support at its lower end to swing toward or from each other to contract within the periphery of the support or to extend beyond the same in the operative position, means movable longitudinally of the support for expanding and contracting the bits, a controlling bar for the same slidable in the support, transversely movable means controlled by the relative movement or" the controlling bar with respect to the bit controlling means for rigidly locking the bits and the bit controlling means to the support, and means cont-rolled by the movement of the bit controlling means into position to completely extend the bits tor preventing such movement of the controlling bar.

6. A drill of the character specified, comprising a support, bits mounted in the support to expand or contract, means movable longitudinally of the support i'or expanding and contracting the bits, a controlling bar 'for the bit, expanding and contracting means movable longitudinally ot the support, and laterally movable locking means controlled by the relative movement of the controlling bar with respect to the bit expanding and contracting means 'for rigidly locking the bits and the bit expanding and contracting means to the support.

7. A drill ot the character speciiied, comprising a support, bits mounted in the support to expand or contract, means movable longitudinally of the support for expanding and contracting the bits, a controlling bar for the bit expanding and contracting means movable longitudinally of the support, a locking boltI carried by said means and adapted to engage said support to lock the means thereto, and means tor preventing movement of the controlling bar until the bits are in fully expanded position.

S. The combination with a support, of bits carried thereby, plates connected to said bits and slidable through said support, a transversely extending locking bolt slidably carried by said plates, said support being provided with an opening adapted to receive said locking bolt, whereby to lock the plates to the support, and acontrol bar arranged between the said plates.

9. In a drill ot' the character specified, a bit support, bits on the support movable into expanded or contracted position, means for moving the bits, means 'for locking the bits in expanded position, hoisting means engaginO the said locking means and normally ho ding the same in inoperative position, and means controlled by said locking means when in inoperative position i'or preventing release of the hoisting means.

l0. The combination with a support, of bits carried thereby, plates connected to said bits and slidable through said support, a transversely extending locking bolt slidably carried by said plates, said support being provided with an opening adapted to receive said locking bolt, whereby to lock the plates to the support, a control bar arranged between the said plates, and a cam lever carried by one of said plates and engaging said bolt to move the same longitudinally.

1l. The combination with a support, of bits carried thereby, plates connected to said bits and slidable through said support, a transversely extending locking bolt slidably carried by said plates, said support being provided with an opening adapted to receive said locking bolt, wherebyto lock the plates to the support, a control bar arranged between the said plates, a cam lever carried by one of said plates and engaging said bolt to move the same longitudinally, and a cam le- 1yer operating pin carried by said control 12. The combination with a support, of bits carried thereby, plates connected to said bits and slidable through said support, a transversely extending locking bolt slidably carried by said plates, said support being provided with an opening adapted to receive said locking bolt, whereby to lock the plates to the support, a control bar arranged between the said plates, a cam lever carried by one of said plates and engaging said bolt to move the same longitudinally, a cam lever operating pin carried by said control bar, and means limiting the downward movement of said control bar with respect to said plates.

13. The combination with a support, of bits carried thereby, plates connected to said llO bit und sldable through said support, a lockand engaged by sagidvprojeetion whereby the ing bolt slidably carried by said plates and locking bar is detaohablyheld in an elevated adapted toengage said support whereby to position, said locking bar being adapted to 10 lock the plates to said support, a cross bar engages'aid cross bar, whereby said projec- 5 connected to said-plates, a locking lever pvtion is moved out of locking engagement oted to one of sai plates `and havingaspro- With said pin. jecton7 and a pin carried by said control bar OSCAR MARTIN CARTER. 

